San Javier na ụlọ mkpọrọ. Bastions akụkọ ihe mere eme na Puebla

Pin
Send
Share
Send

Dọkịta na onye nkụzi Sebastián Roldán y Maldonado, site n'ọchịchọ, nyere na 1735 akụnụba ya dị pesos 26 puku maka ndị ozi Jesuit na ụwa New Spain.

Nwanne ya nwanyị, Oriakụ Ángela Roldán, nwanyị di ya nwụrụ nke H. (O) rdeñana, afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, na 1743, kpebisiri ike ịgbakwunye pesos 50,000 maka ihe nwanne ya maka otu nzube ahụ. Ndị isi wee kpebie inweta na Puebla ala dị n'akụkụ Plaza de Guadalupe iji wuo ụka na ụlọ akwụkwọ San Francisco Javier, ọrụ ikpeazụ dị mkpa nke Society of Jesus na obodo ahụ na Mexico tupu a chụpụ ha.

N’agbata Disemba 1 na 13, 1751, emere ka emeghe ulo uka na ulo akwukwo, dika nke San Gregorio de México, n’inye ha nkuzi ndi otu Kraist na akwukwo ozi mbu n’etiti ndi obodo, iga n’ozi ala ọzọ n’obodo ndi Angelópolis na Sierra de Puebla, yana kuziere ndi Jesuit na asusu ndi ekere uwa. Na mmalite afọ ọ nwere karịa ụmụ akwụkwọ 200.

N'ebe ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye ọrụ India kemgbe 1761, dị ka ndekọ si kwuo, ndị a kacha mara amara n'oge ya: Francisco Javier Clavijero (1731-1787), onye Jesuit dị mkpa na onye a na-akwanyere ùgwù n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke echiche, ihe ndabere nke ndabere anyị, onye mbido na onye ebuli elu nke ọdịnala ọdịnala anyị siri ike, onye na-eme mgbanwe nke nkà ihe ọmụma ọgbara ọhụrụ nke Mexico na nkuzi nke sayensị, n'ihi "nghọta ya banyere ala nna dị ka eziokwu dị iche na Spain" na maka nkuzi na-adịgide adịgide na nke nwere mmetụta na ịhụnanya maka ihe anyị.

Clavijero abanyela na Puebla na, ọtụtụ afọ gara aga, na San Jerónimo, San Ignacio, EI Espíritu Santo na San Ildefonso, ndị na-ekpebi ihe na ọzụzụ mmadụ ya. Ọ laghachiri na San Javier mgbe ọ chọtara ihe magburu onwe ya Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora hapụrụ na Colegio de San Pablo de la Vieja México-Tenochtitlan, nke nwere mmasị na nnukwu ọdịnala, ọdịbendị ọdịbendị nke Mexico. A na-eche na onye Jesuit a mụtara asụsụ Nawatụl na San Javier, nke ga-enye ya ohere ide edemede ya bụ isi akụkọ mgbe ochie nke Mexico na mba ọzọ.

Obi abụọ adịghị ya na ọnụnọ ya na Puebla so kpata ụdị mmadụ a pụrụ iche, onye si n'aka Angelópolis gafere Valladolid (Morelia), ebe nkuzi ya mechara metụta nhiwe nke mba dịka Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.

Chọọchị San Javier, nke e wuru na narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, bụ otu n'ime ụlọ ndị kachasị mma nke usoro Ignatian na Puebla, ihe ịchọ mma ya bụ nke ụtọ ọ bụla, ụlọ mpako ya nwere otu ụlọ elu, ọmarịcha ihe oyiyi ya nke ihu atọ nke ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ Doric, ka Marco Díaz na-ekwu. Arcades ya na patio gbanwere usoro na 1949, na-ahapụ naanị ụzọ mbata nke ụdị dị ụtọ.

N’ime apse ahụ, e nwere ọmarịcha ebe ịchụ aja mara mma na ọmarịcha ọrụ, n’etiti ya ka etinyere ya, n’okpuru pavilion mara mma nke ha otu nha, ihe ngosi mara mma nke Saint Francis Xavier. Dabere na Dr. Efraín Castro, ndị dere ebe ịchụàjà a bụ ndị mere nke ahụ na Tepozotlán: Miguel Cabrera na Higinio de Chávez.

A gbahapụrụ ụlọ nsọ ahụ ma chụpụ ndị Jesuit na 1767; 28 afọ mgbe e mesịrị, na 1795, a na-ekwu maka oke mmebi ya na n'afọ na-eso ya Antonio de Santa María Inchaurregui kwuru maka nrụzi ya. Achọpụtaghị njedebe ikpeazụ nke akụ na ụba ya, dị ka ebe ịchụàjà nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị nsọ José na Ignacio na ndị Guatemalan ndị a ma ama. Na mkpuchi nke San Javier, mgbe a na-ehicha okwute ya, mmetụta nke shrapnel natara na saịtị Puebla na 1863 pụtara dị ka ndị akaebe na-agbachi nkịtị.

Site na iwu nke Congress of Union nyere, na Jenụwarị 13, 1834, San Javier ghọrọ akụ nke Gọọmentị nke Puebla, ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka ewuru Penlọ Mkpọrọ Ọchịchị ọhụrụ n'akụkụ ụlọ nsọ na kọleji dịka na atụmatụ nke nnukwu onye nrụpụta Puebla na onye nrụzigharị José Manzo (1787-1860), n'ụdị Plọ Mkpọrọ Cincinnati. Ihe oru ngo a, nke di otutu n’oge ya, gunyere ulo akwukwo maka imeghari ndi eji eji eme ka ha di ike ma nye aka ezinulo ha.

Uru mbụ nke ọrụ a kwekọrọ na General Felipe Codallos, gọvanọ nke steeti n’agbata 1837-1841, onye tọbara nkume mbụ na Disemba 11, 1840. Ọganihu mmepe ahụ dị ịrịba ama ruo 1847, mgbe ọ kwụsịrị ma nwee nnukwu nsogbu n’ihi ihe kpatara ya nke American aka. Na 1849, ya na gọvanọ Juan Mújica y Osorio, a maliteghachiri ọrụ ndị ahụ, mana ntinye aka ọhụrụ, nke bụzi nke French, kwụsịkwara ọrụ ahụ ọzọ.

Mgbe mmeri dị egwu nke May 5, 1862, na ọrụ ya dị ka ogige, Poblano Joaquín Colombres gbanwere Penlọ Mkpọrọ na Fort Iturbide maka nchekwa nke obodo ahụ, bụrụ ebe dị egwu nke 1863. San Javier, maka ya Na akụkụ, site na Machị 18 ruo 29 nke afọ ahụ, ọ bụ nnukwu mkpọmkpọ ebe ebe ndị agha Mexico dere otu n'ime akụkọ kachasị mma ha, agbanyeghị na ogbunigwe ahụ bibiri ụlọ ahụ kpamkpam.

Otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị, na 1864, ala ọma jijiji siri ike mebiri ogige ụlọ mkpọrọ na ụlọ San Javier nke nanị ụlọ elu ya si na ya daa.

Na December 13, 1879, otu ìgwè nke Pueblans malitere ọrụ nke ịga n'ihu ma mezue nnukwu ọrụ ahụ, guzobe kọmitii nwughari nke General Juan Crisóstomo Bonilla (gọvanọ site na 1878 ruo 1880) nke iwu nke State Congress kwadoro. Ọrụ ndị ahụ malitere na February 5, 1880, n'okpuru nduzi nke Puebla onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ bụ Eduardo Tamariz na Juan Calva y Zamudio, bụ ndị na-asọpụrụ ụkpụrụ mbụ nke José Manzo.

Ya na ndị gọvanọ nke oge a (ọchịagha Juan N. Méndez onye chịrị na 1880 na Rosendo Márquez bụ ndị mere ya n'etiti 1881 na 1892) e mechara kwubie ọrụ ahụ. Ntughari ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ebe zuru ezu: ụlọ ndị nwoke na ndị nwanyị, vaults, steepụ, ọfịs, pavil 36, na ọkara puku mkpụrụ ndụ.

Na Eprel 1, 1891, a kagburu ọnwụ ọnwụ na steeti-nke izizi na mba ahụ, e mepụtara Board for the Protection of Prisoners na mgbanwe dị iche iche emere na Criminal Code, ma n'echi ya Porfirio Díaz, onye isi ala Republic na-etinye ụlọ mkpọrọ ahụ n'ọrụ.

Banyere mmefu nke owuwu ya, ọ bara uru ịkọwa data ndị a: na 1840, e guzobere onyinye pụrụ iche nke 2.5% na ire nke mmanya, na 1848 ndị pulquerías ka edobere oke nke 2 reales se manarios, " ụtụ ”ndị na-ezughị ezu maka nnukwu ọrụ ahụ. Site na 1847 rue 1863, etinye ego 119,540.42 ma site na 1880 ruo 1891, ejiri 182,085.14.

Ndị ọchịchị na-elekọta ndị mkpọrọ si na mpaghara ha kwa ọnwa. Ihe a na-emefu kwa afọ n’ụlọ mkpọrọ na afọ ndị mbụ bụ ihe karịrị puku pes 40 40. Na 1903, ndị dọkịta Gregorio Vergara na Francisco Martínez Baca guzobere ụlọ nyocha ihe ọmụmụ na mpụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, yana ụlọ ngosi ihe nka nwere ihe karịrị okpokoro isi 60 nke ndị mkpọrọ nwụrụ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, ugbu a n'okpuru ikike nke INAH.

Sanlọ San Javier nwere ọtụtụ ihe: ogige, ụlọ nkwakọba ihe, ụlọ ọgwụ ndị agha, ụlọ ọgwụ maka ọrịa na-efe efe, ebe ọkụ, ngalaba eletriki nke ime obodo na ime ụlọ iri nri nke ụlọ mkpọrọ ahụ, nke jiri nwayọ bibie ya. Na 1948, etinyere ụlọ akwụkwọ steeti n'ogige na arcades nke San Javier, bụ nke mebiri ihe owuwu ahụ nke ukwuu, na 1973 na afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, emetụta nnukwu oghere ya.

Penlọ mkpọrọ Puebla nọ na-arụ ọrụ ruo 1984, afọ nke gọvanọ steeti ahụ, Guillermo Jiménez Morales, nwere nnọkọ a ma ama iji hapụ mkpebi nke iji na ebe ụlọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ndị a dị n'aka ndị Puebla, n'otu n'ime ya talent nke Francisco Javier Clavijero, asusu ndi ala anyi gbasaa ma rụọ ọrụ izi ihe dị mkpa, na mgbakwunye na nchebe dị egwu nke iguzosi ike n'ezi obodo na ha abụọ, ọ dịkarịa ala ugboro abụọ. N’oge na-adịghị anya, ndị obodo Puebla gwara ndị Executive ka ha mezigharị ụlọ mkpọrọ ahụ ma napụta San Javier ịrara ha nye maka mmemme ọdịnala yana akaebe bara ụba, nke dị mkpa iji mee ka ncheta akụkọ Puebla dị ndụ.

Pin
Send
Share
Send

Vidio: SAN JAVIER (September 2024).