Obodo ndị pre-Hispanic na nke colonial nke Monte Albán na Oaxaca bụ ọla abụọ dị adị nke ọdịnala ọdịnala na akụkọ ọdịnala nke ị kwesịrị ịma.
Ugwu ALBÁN
Ọ bụ saịtị kachasị mma na ndagwurugwu Oaxaca nke gosipụtara mgbanwe pụrụ iche nke mpaghara nke ọdịbendị atọ sochiri: Olmec, Zapotec na Mixtec. Oke mmepe ya sitere na 350 rue 750 AD, nke nwere ọnụọgụ nke ndị bi na 25,000 ruo 35,000, kesara ihe karịrị 6.5 km2, nke bụ isi nke ọtụtụ ihe ncheta anyị na-amasị taa, gafere na ugwu 500 elu. , site na nke ị nwere ike ịhụ echiche dị ebube banyere ndagwurugwu niile.
Mgbe ọ rụsịrị nnukwu ụgbọ elu ya dị mita 300, a na-achọpụta ụdị ihe owuwu pụrụ iche n'ụdị ya, nke otu onye a maara dị ka Los Danzantes pụtara, nke na-egosi ọtụtụ mbadamba okwute ndị a pịrị apị na ntọala ya, ebe enwere ike ịnabata mmadụ. -Nke doro anya Olmec na-emetụta – n'ịgba egwu, n'ihi ya aha ya. Sistemụ nke Anọ na-egosipụta ihe owuwu ụlọ kachasị mkpa nke ọdịbendị Zapotec: ogige ụlọ nsọ-ụlọ nsọ, usoro siri ike na kọmpat ebe arụ ọrụ atọ a. N'ime ụlọ a maara dị ka Obí, ọ nwere patio mara mma dị n'ime ụlọ nke enwere ọtụtụ ime ụlọ na-eme ya. Egwuregwu bọọlụ na-adọta uche site na mkpọda dị larịị nke mgbidi ya, yana okwute dị n’elu ala nke ogige ahụ. N’etiti esplanade ahụ ka e nwere mkputamkpu ala J, nke yiri ụdị akụ, nke a kwenyere na ọ rụọla ọrụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ nyocha mbara igwe, na ụlọ atọ ndị ọzọ ka ewuru n’elu okwute okwute. Ugwu mgbago ugwu na nke ndida na-emechi akuku mgbagwoju anya, gburugburu bu ili ama ama dika onu ogugu 7 (nyochara na 1932), nke mejuputara otutu ihe 500 na onyinye mara mma.
AKWKWỌ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke OAXACA
Mgbe ndị Spen rutere Oaxaca, ha wuru Villa de Antequera na saịtị ndị Aztec guzobere otu ogige gburugburu 1486 iji chịkwaa ndagwurugwu ahụ, nke ha kpọrọ Huaxyacac. E guzobere obodo ahụ site na iwu nke Carlos V, na Septemba 14, 1526, agbanyeghị na ọ dọtara ya ruo 1529 site na Alonso García Bravo, nke dabere na Mexico City, mana nakweere okporo ụzọ quadrangular nke nwere 80 mita n'obosara. n'akụkụ. Obodo Oaxaca nke mere eme na-echekwa onyoonyo nke obodo ndi nwe obodo, nke ihe nketa ya na-adigide, na-agbakwunye ya mma na ezi nke ulo ndi emere na 19th century; ha na-eme ka odida obodo jikọtara ọnụ. E gosipụtara akụ na-ewu ụlọ a kachasị na katidral ya, ụlọ nsọ na ebe obibi ndị mọnk mbụ nke Santo Domingo, ghọrọ ụlọ ngosi ihe nka ama ama; ụlọ nsọ nke Society of Jesus, San Agustín, San Felipe Neri na San Juan de Dios; ahịa Benito Juárez, ebe ị nwekwara ike ịnụ ụtọ ọmarịcha gastronomy nke ebe ahụ; na nnukwu edlọ ihe nkiri Macedonio Alcalá, tinyere ndị ọzọ.
Ebe mmemme Monte Albán na-anọchi anya ọmarịcha ọrụ nka na imepụta ọmarịcha ụkpụrụ ụlọ (dị ka nke Machu Picchu na Peru, nke edere na 1983). Ruo ihe karịrị otu puku afọ, Monte Albán nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na mpaghara ọdịbendị niile nke Oaxaca, na mgbakwunye, maka ịdịgide nke ogige bọọlụ ya, ụlọ nsọ ya ndị mara mma, ili na bas-reliefs nke nwere ihe odide ihe osise, ọ na-anọchite naanị akaebe nke Olmec, Zapotec na Mixtec, nke mejupụtara mpaghara ahụ n'oge oge gboo na oge gboo. Ma n'ezie, Monte Albán bụ ihe atụ pụtara ìhè nke emume pre-Columbian dị na etiti Mexico taa.
Maka akụkụ ya, etiti akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Oaxaca bụ ihe atụ zuru oke nke obodo colonial nke narị afọ nke 16. Ihe nketa ya bu otu n'ime ndi kachasi mara nma nke ndi obodo na ndi okpukpe na mpaghara America.
