N'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na ụzọ ndị gbara ọkpụrụkpụ na nke ọgbara ọhụrụ gbara ya gburugburu ugbu a, agbata obi Santa María na-aga n'ihu na-echekwa ọtụtụ akuku ndị na-agwa anyị banyere oge ochie ya bụ Porfirian gara aga
Liblọ Liberty nke ụlọ, ubi na n'okporo ámá ndị ikuku na-adọta n'akụkụ na Santa María la Rivera agbata obi, na Mexico City, bụ otu n'ime ndị kachasị nye anyị ohere ịtụle ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke oge Porfirian ikpeazụ.
Ebe a na-ahụkarị ebe a na-ahụkarị ụlọ ọrụ ugbu a site na ụzọ Instituto Técnico Industrial, Insurgentes Norte, Río Consulado na Rivera de San Cosme, ụzọ niile dị ọsọ ọsọ na nke oge a na-emegide echiche nke ọganihu dị n'oge a tọrọ ntọala Santa María. .
Na mbido, anyị nwere ike ịsị na n'okporo ámá Jaime Torres Bodet, nke dị na 176, bụ ụlọ Art Nouveau nke windo ndị nwere windo na-eweta ọdịdị mba bụ ngosipụta nke ụdị French kachasị mma. Ọ bụ Museumlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Geology Institute nke UNAM. Ihu ya nwere nnukwu okwute na-atọ ụtọ, nke ihe enyemaka ya na-egosi shei na anụ ndị na-akpụ akpụ, yana ammonites n'okpuru arches atọ ahụ n'ọnụ ụzọ. N'ebe a na-anabata ndị ọbịa, ọmarịcha steepụ abụọ - nke ejiri okooko osisi chọọ ya na akwụkwọ acanthus a na-emegharị emegharị na-egosi n'elu ala marble n'ihi ọkụ ọkụ nnukwu dome ahụ gbasasịrị
Ọnụnọ nke ogige a bụ n'ihi Commissionlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ala nke Mexico, nke e hiwere na May 26, 1886 na afọ ole na ole emesịrị hazie dị ka Institutelọ Ọrụ, nke lere anya na ọ dị mkpa ịmepụta isi ụlọ ọrụ iji nweta ihe ọmụma banyere ngalaba a wee nye iwu ka ewu ya.
Ọrụ ahụ na-ahụ maka ọkà mmụta ihe ọmụmụ ala José Guadalupe Aguilera na onye nrụpụta Carlos Herrera López. Nke mbụ emepụtara ụlọ nyocha na ụlọ ngosi ngosi na-adịgide adịgide na nke abụọ na-elekọta ụlọ ahụ n'onwe ya.
Ya mere, na 1900 e debere nkume mbụ nke ụlọ ahụ ma guzobere ya na Septemba 1906. Na November 16, 1929, ọ ghọrọ akụkụ nke National University mgbe ekwuputara ikike ya yana na 1956, mgbe Institute of Geology kwagara Mahadum City, ọ bụ naanị ebe ngosi nka. Ntughari ohuru a bu onye nhazi ulo Herrera na Antonio del Castillo duziri ya.
Buildinglọ a nwere ihe nketa sayensị niile nke ọmụmụ mbụ na mpaghara a: nchịkọta nke mineral na fosil, ihe nlele nke fauna na flora nke mpaghara dị iche iche nke ụwa, yana usoro ọnụọgụ nke onye nrụpụta ihe nkiri José María Velasco. E nwere eserese anọ nwere ihe ndị sitere n'okike, dịka ihe atụ n'ụfọdụ akwụkwọ ọgwụ, na-egosi mmalite nke ndụ mmiri na mpaghara ụwa site na mmalite ya ruo n'ọdịdị mmadụ.
N'ụzọ dị otú a, Velasco jisiri ike kpụzie echiche sayensị na nkà ihe ọmụma nke Positivism site na nka agụmakwụkwọ na nka, na-achịkọta ọrụ ya echiche bụ isi nke "ọganihu" nke narị afọ nke 19.
Isi ụlọ nke ihe ngosi nka raara nye paleontology. Ọ na - ejide ihe dịka 2 000 vertebrates na invertebrates ma gosipụta ọnụnọ nke nnukwu ọkpụkpụ enyí na akụkụ ọkpụkpụ ndị ọzọ nke anụmanụ ndị na-apụ n'anya ugbu a. N'ime otu osisi osisi, nke sitere na oge Porfirian, ị nwere ike ịhụ ụfọdụ ụdị ịnweta nke gosipụtara oge dị iche iche na akụkọ mmalite nke ụwa. O bu ncheta okwute nke ala anyi.
N’ọnụ ụzọ nke ime ụlọ ahụ na n’elu ọnụ ụzọ ya, kanyere ihe nnọchianya nke Institute. N'ebe a, a na-arara ndị na-edu ndú maka isiokwu nke igwupụta ihe na n'azụ windo iko mara mma nke mara mma na-anọchi anya Wieliczka nnu, na Poland.
Roomlọ maka petrology sitere na kristal quartz dị iche iche na nchịkọta site na ọdụ ndịda, na ihe ndị na-egosi ụkpụrụ nke ugwu ugwu Mexico. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, e nwere usoro nke igneous, sedimentary na metamorphic, yana nkume na-egbu maramara maka iji ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ihe eji achọ mma.
N'ime ụlọ e debere maka ihe omimi, a na-egosipụta ọtụtụ ụdị si n'ọtụtụ mpaghara nke ókèala anyị na mba ofesi, kesara dịka ihe atụ nke onye ọka mmụta sayensị H. Strunz tụpụtara, onye na-achịkwa iwu na 1938 dị ka isi onwu na kristallography nke ihe ya. A na-ahụkwa nkume mara mma dị ka opal, rubi, talc, okenite na spurrite ebe a.
Omume mmụta na ịba ọgaranya nke narị afọ nke 19 hapụrụ ihe akaebe ọzọ banyere ntụgharị ya na ndụ mba na mpaghara Santa María. Na ọnụ ọgụgụ 10 Enrique González Martínez n'okporo ámá, Chopo Museum bụ taa saịtị nke ọchụchọ ọhụrụ na mpaghara ọdịbendị. Ngwurugwu ọla nke na-eme ya bụ nke a na-akpọ ụdị ejiji nke jungend, ma si na Germany wee kpọkọta ya na 1902 site n'aka ndị injinia Luis Bacmeister, Aurelio Ruelas na Hugo Dorner, mana n'ihi nsogbu dị iche iche ọ bụghị ruo 1910, na ngosipụta nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke Japan. , mgbe ọ malitere.
Afọ atọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, El Chopo ghọrọ Museum of Natural History wee nọgide n'ụzọ ahụ ruo 1929, mgbe a na-ebufe ọba akwụkwọ ya na nchịkọta anụ ụlọ ya n'otu ebe dị n'akụkụ Ọdọ Mmiri Chapultepec.
Mgbe nke a gasịrị, ụlọ ahụ banyere ogologo esemokwu iwu wee daa ruo ogologo oge.
Ọ bụ rue 1973 ka UNAM kpebiri iweghachi ya wee bido ọkwa ya dị ka ebe ọdịbendị. Ọrụ mmegharị ahụ na-ewe afọ asaa ma ha mepee oghere sara mbara maka ihe nkiri, ịgba egwu, ihe nkiri, egwu, nka plastik na agụmakwụkwọ dị iche iche. Na mgbakwunye, ụlọ ahụ nwere nnukwu mezzanine na veranda atọ maka mgbakọ nwa oge.
Kemgbe ahụ, Chopo ka bụ ihe dị ndụ dị ndụ n'ime ya nke usoro ịma mma nke ọgbọ dị iche iche na-ebikọ. Ọ bụ otu nzukọ na-eje ozi dị ka temometa na ikuzi nka. N'aka nke ọzọ, ụlọ ebe a na-edebe ihe mgbe ochie na-emepe ọnụ ụzọ ngosi ya site na otu gaa na ụlọ ọrụ ndị mba ọzọ, si otú a na-akwalite nkwukọrịta n'etiti ndị okike na eserese, foto, ntọala, ihe osise, wdg, na ọha na eze.
El Chopo nwekwara mkpokọta na-adịgide adịgide nke ndị omenkà plastik, n'etiti nke ị nwere ike ịmasị ndị ode akwụkwọ dịka Francisco Corzas, Pablo Amor, Nicholas Sperakis, Adolfo Patiño, Yolanda Meza na Artemio Sepúlveda.
Mana ọ bụrụ na Chopo Museum bụ obi ọdịbendị nke ógbè ahụ, Alameda ya bụ nke ndụ mmadụ. Ma ọ bụ na Alameda a ka ama ama ebe Pavilion a ma ama dị ugbu a, bụ nke e mere atụmatụ maka New Orleans International Exposition gosipụtara na Disemba 16, 1884 na May 1885.
N'ikpeazụ, Pavilion a sonyere na ngosipụta ụwa na Paris, na nloghachi ya ọ dị na Alameda Central na e nwere ihe osise maka National Lottery.
Na 1908, ọrụ bidoro ịkwaga Moorish Pavilion gaa Santa María la Rivera, ebe ọ bụ na a malitere iwu ụgbọ ịnyịnya ibu na Juárez ebe ọ bi. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka emezigharị kiosk maka ezumike mba nke 1910.
N'ime afọ 1930 na 1940, Pavilion a hụrụ ahụmịhe izizi nke obodo mepere emepe nke ndị mbịara mbata site na mpaghara ahụ gaa Ndagwurugwu Mexico. N'akụkụ a, José Vaconselos kwuru, sị: "Kiosk, ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri, ihe ncheta, harangues na ọgba aghara dị na etiti nke obodo 100 zuru oke na Latin America."
Ruo ugbu a, a na-eweghachi Pavilion naanị ugboro abụọ, na 1962 na 1978, na n'oge abụọ, a rụgharịrị ya site na nkume ya na ebe a na-egwupụta ya na ugo n'elu dome ya, yana agba ndị na-ekpuchi ya.
Na ngwụsị izu, ebe a ghọrọ ebe edere akwụkwọ ka ndị na-eto eto na-ede akwụkwọ na-abịa agụ ọha na eze. Ndị na-ege ntị na-ekwu okwu banyere ọrụ ha, na-atụgharị uche n'uri ma na-atụle ihe okike mgbe ndị di na nwunye na-anọdụ n'oche na ụmụaka na-egwu egwu. Ma nke a agbanwebeghị kemgbe oge Vasconcelos, bụ onye kwuru, sị: “N'ihi ya, obodo ahụ toro; Enweghi nnọkọ ma ọ bụ ịkpagharị, mana obodo ahụ dum na-ezukọta na square na ụbọchị mmemme na ụbọchị nnabata, na okporo ụzọ na-apụ na square ma site ebe ahụ ndụ niile nke obodo na-enweta mkpali ”.
